Health experts are warning the public to be more aware of the symptoms of low blood sugar, a condition medically known as hypoglycemia, which can lead to serious complications if left untreated.
Low blood sugar occurs when the level of glucose in the blood drops below the normal range, typically under 70 milligrams per decilitre (mg/dL). While it is most common among people with diabetes who use insulin or certain medications, experts say it can also affect those without the condition, especially after prolonged fasting, heavy exercise, or alcohol consumption.
Early Warning Signs
Doctors note that the symptoms of low blood sugar can appear suddenly and vary from mild to severe. Common signs include:
Shakiness or tremors
Sudden sweating and clammy skin
Rapid heartbeat
Intense hunger
Dizziness or lightheadedness
Blurred vision
Irritability or sudden mood changes
Difficulty concentrating
If sugar levels continue to fall without correction, more serious symptoms may develop, such as confusion, slurred speech, seizures, and even loss of consciousness.
Potential Dangers
Medical practitioners warn that untreated hypoglycemia can have life-threatening consequences. “The brain depends on glucose as its main source of energy. When sugar drops too low, brain function is impaired, which can lead to accidents, irreversible brain damage, or death in extreme cases,” explained Dr. Tunde Salako, an endocrinologist based in Ibadan.
He stressed that repeated episodes of low blood sugar can also cause a condition known as hypoglycemia unawareness, where the body stops producing early warning symptoms, making the episodes more dangerous.
Who is Most at Risk?
People with diabetes using insulin or certain oral medications
Those who skip meals after taking medication
Athletes or individuals engaging in strenuous activity without proper fueling
Individuals with excessive alcohol intake
People with certain hormonal deficiencies or liver/kidney disease
Preventing Low Blood Sugar
Health experts recommend eating regular, balanced meals, monitoring blood sugar levels (especially for those with diabetes), and carrying quick sugar sources like glucose tablets or fruit juice.
“In mild cases, consuming 15–20 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates can restore sugar levels. However, severe cases require immediate medical attention,” Dr. Salako advised.
The Nigerian Ministry of Health is encouraging more public awareness on the condition, noting that knowledge of the signs and dangers of hypoglycemia could save lives.
